Cov npas hlau, tseem hu ua steel spheres lossis steel bearing balls, feem ntau yog siv rau hauv ntau yam kev siv, xws li bearings, automotive Cheebtsam, sib tsoo xov xwm, thiab lwm yam. Cov npas no feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv hlau zoo, xaiv rau lawv cov khoom tsim nyog xws li lub zog, hardness, thiab corrosion kuj. Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom muaj ob peb kauj ruam, suav nrog kev xaiv cov khoom siv, tsim, kho cua sov, thiab ua tiav.
Cov pob steel feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm hlau thiab carbon, uas yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, hom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov hlau siv nws txawv nyob ntawm qhov xav tau daim ntawv thov. Kev xaiv cov hlau alloy yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias nws txiav txim siab cov khoom ntawm cov khoom steel. Common steel alloys siv rau steel pob muaj xws li:
Chrome Steel (AISI 52100): Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv dav tshaj plaws rau cov pob steel. Nws muaj chromium thiab muaj zog zoo heev, hnav tsis kam, thiab muaj peev xwm thauj khoom. Qhov no alloy yog ib qho kev xaiv nrov rau precision bearings.
Stainless Hlau: Rau cov ntawv thov xav tau kev tiv thaiv corrosion, stainless hlau yog nyiam. Nws yog alloyed nrog chromium thiab npib tsib xee, uas muaj kev tiv thaiv xeb thiab corrosion. Stainless hlau pob yog siv hauv kev lag luam xws li kev ua zaub mov thiab khoom siv kho mob.
Carbon Steel: Carbon steel npas feem ntau siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov tsawg dua vim lawv cov nqi qis dua. Lawv muaj zoo hardness thiab durability, tab sis tej zaum yuav raug ntau dua rau corrosion.
Cov hlau xaiv rau cov khoom yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cylindrical rods. Cov pas nrig no tau ua tiav los ua spheres. Muaj ob txoj hauv kev los ua cov pob steel:
Forging: Forging yuav shaping cov hlau rau hauv cov pob los ntawm kev siv lub siab. Cov hlau yog rhuab mus rau lub xeev malleable thiab tom qab ntawd raug rau cov khoom siv forging uas ua rau nws ua spheres.
Rolling: Rolling yog lwm txoj kev siv los tsim cov pob steel. Cov hlau hlau yog pub rau hauv lub tshuab dov, qhov twg nws tau dhau los ua ntau lub zog compressive uas maj mam ua nws mus rau hauv spheres.
Txhawm rau ua kom tiav cov khoom siv kho tshuab uas xav tau, cov pob steel tau dhau los ua cov txheej txheem kho cua sov. Qhov no feem ntau suav nrog:
Austenitizing: Cov hlau yog rhuab mus rau qhov kub thiab txias, hloov nws cov microstructure mus rau hauv austenite, ib theem nrog txhim kho ductility.
quenching: Cov khoom cua kub tau txias sai heev (quenched) los tsim cov qauv tawv, feem ntau yog martensite.
Tempering: Yuav kom sib npaug hardness thiab toughness, cov khoom yog tempered los ntawm reheating lawv mus rau qis kub.
Tom qab kev kho cua sov, cov pob hlau yuav dhau los ua ntau yam txheej txheem kom tau raws li qhov loj me thiab qhov chaw tiav. Qhov no suav nrog kev sib tsoo, polishing, thiab lapping. Cov txheej txheem no xyuas kom meej tias cov npas zoo kawg nkaus kheej kheej thiab muaj lub ntsej muag du.
Cov npas hlau yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv hlau zoo uas tau xaiv raws li qhov xav tau ntawm daim ntawv thov. Kev xaiv cov hlau tsim nyog, txoj kev tsim, kev kho cua sov, thiab cov txheej txheem ua tiav kom ntseeg tau tias cov pob no muaj cov khoom siv tshuab uas xav tau, ua rau lawv tsim nyog rau ntau yam kev siv hauv ntau yam lag luam.
